Combined priming and compression release valve



1,579,985 W. WHEELER COMBINED PRIMING AND COMPRESSION RELEASE VALVE Filed Augdst 50. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l April 6 1926.

April 6 1926.

w. WHEELER COMBINED PRIMING -AND COMPRESSION RELEASE VALVE Filed August 50 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet /NVEA/TRy Mm w/T'A/Eases Patented Apr. 6, 1926.

` WELLS WHEELER, OF SHARPSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMBINED PRIMING AND COMPRESSION RJLCEIASEl -VALVE. y

applicati@ inea August 3o, 1924. .serial No. 735,093.

To all whom 42'25 fizii'i/ concern:

Be it known that I, 'Wants Vtt-instan, a citizen of the'United States, and a resident of Sharpsville, in the county of Mercer and State of Pennsylvania, have invented anew andl useful Improvement in Combined Priniing and. Compression Release Valves, of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates to valves, and particularly to a combined priming and coinpression release valve for use in connection with internal combustion motors.

lln automobiles, especially trucks, equipped with heavy niotorsgreat difficulty is experienced in manually cranking` the engine` whenever necessary. This is particularly true in case the driver happens to be person who is not physically strong. It is an object of this invention to provide a conibined priiiiing and coinliression release valve which not only permits easy priiningof the inotoi to facilitate starting, but perinits any predetermined ainoiint of' the compressed charge. to be released during tliecoinpression strolres of the engine7 thereby" enabling the operator to readily crank` the saine.

It is a special. object to provideia valve of the character referred. to which is siinple, compact, strongand durable, easily inanipu4 lated, economical to falnicate, and highly eflicieiitin operation. 1 Y lt is also a special object to provide a valve which canv be easily and quickly adjusted to vaifythe amount of the charge released lin accordance with the desires of the operator, and in consequence vary the power required for cranking the motor.

It Ais a further special object to provide a compression release valve for internal Vcoinbustion motors which can be connected to the engine cylinders by inserting the sainev in the threaded openings ordinarily pro vided for the pet cocks commonly employed5 which can be set to obstruct the escape of the compressed charge merely under the weight of the-valve. stein and att-ached parts or under the additional resistance of an adjustable tension means7 which can be readily set to positively prevent 'escape of the charge after the iiiotor has been started, and which will automatically function to prevent ingress of air to the engine cylinders during the suction strokes ofthe motor.

These and other objects'of the invention will more -fully appear when takenin con- `junction with the following 'description and the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. l is a vertical sectional view through the preferred eiiibodiinent of the invention, illustrating the valve head in its raised condition and positively forced to its seat to prevent escape froin the engine cylinder; Fig. 2 a similar view' showing the compression spring placed under tension and the valve stein `in its4 lowered position, in which it functions to, prevent ingress of airfto the iiiotor; Figs.

5 a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical longitudinal section of a still further inoditied forni showing` they and 4 views corresponding to Figs. l and v 2, showing a modified forni of the invention;l

, y* y v K lBt) forni of the invention body for conveniencev inasseinbliiig coniy prises the longitudinally aligned sectionsl and 1, the former being exteriorly threaded adjacent itslowerextremity for insertion in the customary openings provided for the reception o-f the usual pet cocks to perinit release of compression in the several cylinders of the motor. The walls of each of these ksections is also exteriorly threaded adiacenty the contigiiousabutting ends thereof for cooperation with the internally threaded bore of a sleeve 2 foriniiig a'coiitinuation of the priniingicup 3 which surrounds the body of the valve. The threaded engageiiiei'it afforded between the sleeve of the' priiniiig cup and the sections of the valve body'rigidly holds the parts in proper assembled relia-V tion, while facilitating both the manufactureand the assembly and disassembly of the several parts. rllhe vertically extending wall of the cup is spaced fioin the exterior of the valve body so as to'conveniently hold a suitable priming` liquid inan obvious fashion, and the section lf is provided with ay Cit plurality of spaced openings, such as indicated at L1, e', establishing communication between the interior of the priming cup and the passage extending through the valve body.

The upper end of the bore of the section 1 is preferably slightly enlarged as at 5 so as to form the opposedoii'set portions 6 and 7 which serve as valve seats, and are customarily especially finished `to provide; surfaces adapted for this purpose.

A valvel h'ead 8 equipped with faces adapted to cooperate with' the respective valvesea'ts 6 rand 7 is disposed within the recess 5, and has attached thereto a valve stein 9 extending longitudinally of the valve :body and terminating beyond the upper open end thereof. A This open end is interiorly tlireadechand is adapted to threadedly receive va-bodily aojustable plug 10 equipped with the flanged portion 10, the peripheral face of which may be hnr-.rled to facilitate adjustment. The Avalve stem 9 extends through a central bore in the plug 1G, `and carries Vat its upper extremity a terminal abutment, 'which' may consist of the nuts 11 as illustrated in the drawings. A

The bore of the section 1, immediately above the openings 4, 4l', Iis provided with a shoulder 12 upon which is adapted to rest, when the part-s are in certain relative positions, a supporting spring seat in the form of a washer 13. The spring seat is of the floating type lbeing loose upon the valve stem 9, and is adapted to cooperate with a second abutment 14 in the form of an enlf'arged portion of the stem, the second abutment being disposed intermediate the extremities of the valve stem.

A coiled compression spring 15 encircles the valve stem and rests at its lower end directly upon the spring seat 13, and is of such proportions that when the plug 10 is adjusted to the position-shown in Fie. 1 of the drawings, to completely release the spring of tension, the inner end of the plug is raised entirely out of contact with the upper extremity of the spring.

In use, the lower threaded extremity of the section 1 of the valve body is screwed directly into the threaded openings customarily provided for the insertion of the pety cocks employed in the heads of the cylinders of an internal combustion motor. It is understood that one of the valves forming this invention is screwed into the head of each of the cylinders of the motor.

Normally, during the running of the motor, the plug 10 is adjusted so as to raise it into abutting relation with the terminal abutment 11 for the purpose of lifting the valve stem S) and the valve head 8 to the po siti-on shown in Fig. 1 of the drawii'igs. 1n this posi-tion, the face on the valve head which is adapted to cooperate with the valve yresisted either by the weight seat 7 is forcibly pressed and positively held to its seat, thus preventing any escape of fluid upwardly through the bore of the valve body.

Should it be desirable to prime the motor, the plug 10 is turned .slightly so as to lower it within the section 1, thus permitting the head 8 to assume a mid position between the valve seats 6 and 7. lilith the valve head in this position, any primingvliquid injected into the interior of the cup 3 will readily find its way through the openings et, t, downwardly around the valve head S and into the cylinder ofthe motor.

By screwing the plug further into the section 1, the valve head is permitted to lower until it rests upon the valve seat 6, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, which shows the relative positions which the parts assume when the plug 10 initially contacts the compression spring 15 when screwed inwardly of the section 1. It is noted that with the parts in this position, the intermediate abutment laon the valve stem is spaced slightly below the spring seat 13. By screwing the plug 1() into the valve body a. greater extent, the compression spring may be placed under various degrees of tension, as desired.

lf the valve is adjusted so thatthe head S is permitted to cooperate wit-h the valve seat (i, ingress of air is prevented during the suction strokes of the motor, but any outward flow 'through the passage or bore of the valve body during the compression strokes will cause the valve head and valve stem to be lifted.

If the setting of the parts is such that the valve stem and its attached parts need merely be lifted against their own weight, it is evident that very little flow through the valve passage would occur before the valve head S is raised sur'lieiently to contact its seat 7, whereas by setting the v plu-g 10 so as to exert various degrees of tension upon the compression ,spring 15, the amount of the compressed charge escaping past the valve head before it is brought into contactiwith its seat 7 may be varied at the will of the operator.v It is noted that the initial upward movement of the valve head from the position shown in Fig. 9. to that at which the intermediate abutment 14 is brought into contact with the spring seat 13 takes place merely under the resistance offered by the weight of thel valve stem 9 and its attached parts, but soon as the abutment 1e contacts the .spring seat 13 any further continued upward movement of the valve head is of the compres? sion spring 15 or by the tension to which it is adjusted by the plug 10.

It is thus seen that the valve described readily lends itself to' a wide range of adjustment, and that the same can be con'- veniently and quickly set by the operator to permit the necessary amount of escape of compressed charge from the engine cylinders to enable him to readily crank the motor. After the valves have been installed on the motor, the driver of the vehicle by several trial tests may determine the particular adjustment of the plug l() which best meets his requirements, and can subsequently quickly adjust the plug to this position wlienever cranking becomes necessary.

` In the event that priming only is desired, it is obvious that the valve head 8 will be moved merely 'slightly below the setting shown iiiV Fig. l, and after the priming fluid has been permitted to iow into the engine cylinders,A will be again set to the position shown therein. v y Y In the modified form of the invention shown in Figs. 3 and t, the tubular valve body comprises the lsections 2O and 21, the former being tlireadedly engaged within the lower end of section 21. The wall of the section 2l is-provided with a plurality of openings such as shown at ,22, 22, establishing,communication between the atmosphere andthe interior'of the valve body, and the priming cup may be dispensed withif desired. The interior of the bore of the section 2l is equipped with .the valve seats v23 and 24 which are adapted to cooperate with conijtfilementary faces formed upon/a twopartvalvehead attached to the lower end'of the valve stein 25. One partf 26 of the valve head isrigidly yattached to tlrestem while the remaining part26 of the valve head is slidably mounted upon `the stem, being posi-V tioned between the part 26 and pin 27 extending transversely through the valve stem. As in the preferred form of the invention, a bodily adjustable plug 2S threadedly engages the interiorly threaded upper end of the section 21, and is adapted to cooperate with a terminal abutment 29r lined tothe projecting portion of the valve-stem.

ln this modification, theplug 28 is* equipped withy a centrally disposed enlarged bore 3() in the bottom of which is seated a sleeve 31 projecting downwardly ,through the plugand adapted to contact the transverse pin 27. The upper end of the bore 30 is closed by means of a plate 32 conveniently held in position in any desired manner as by the screws interposed between the sleeve 3l and the kplate 32 is a compression spring 34, the valve stem being threaded through the sleeve 3l, the compression spring and a central opening in the plate 32', all in the fashion as clearly shown in the drawings.

By turning the plugr 28 so as to withdraw it from the section 2l, the plate 32 is brought into contact with the terminal abutment 29 and raises the valve head so as to bring the part 26 thereof into seating relation with the valve seat 28, and when 'the parts are in this position, asshown in Fig. 3, escape of fluid from the engine cylindersis prevented.

VBy lowering the plug 28 slight-ly .from the position in Fig. 3, both the parts 26 and 26 y of the valve head will be moved out'of contact with their cooperating valve seats, so that any priming liquid injected through the openings 22 or 22 will readily find its way to the engine cylinder. V

After the plug 28 is lowered suiiiciently to permit the valve `part 26 to contact its seat 2e, ingress of air into the engine cylinder will not only be prevented,but any outresistance offered by the spring 34C to the closing movement of the valve during its upward travel, may be varied atwill so as to permit a greater or less'` amount of the compressed charge to escape, in an analogous fashion'to that previously described in connection with the preferred form of the invention. i v

ln Figs. 5

lustrated. yIn this embodiment, the sections of the valve body are indicated respectively at a0 and fil, the section 40 being equipped with a radially extending flange lO at its upper extremity which cooperates with an interiorly threaded union 4-2 for binding the two sections of the valve body into `assembled relation. The wall of the sectionfll is equipped with suitabley openings 43 and 4.3,', similar to these of the previously ydescribed foiins.

Y The upper extremity of section 40 is pref erably iinished to forni a valve seat Llei and an inwardly projecting portion Aupon the inj mi 6,@ ani further modified 1 embodiment of the invention has been il-` terior of the section Lll is likewise forined'f as a valve seat rA valve head Li6 attached to a stein i7 isadapted to cooperate Vwith the seats le and anandas in the previous forms the stem e7 carries at its upper end a terminal abutment L LS.`

The stem i7 is also equipped with a transversely extending pin 49, corresponding to the pin 27, and the upper end of the section ll is fitted with a bodily movable plug 5() corresponding generally to the plug `28 of Figs. 3 and e, with the exception that itisy not threadedly engaged ywith the section lel of the valve body but'is merelytelescopieally received and slidably iits therein. The lower interposed between the sleeve and plate, all

lend of the bore of plug50 is equipped with `minal abutment 48.

afs in theembodimentillustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.*

interposed between the plate 52 vand the terminal 'abutment 48 is a short coiled conipression spring 5'4 which rests directly upon the plate 52 at one end, and is adapted to Contact at its other end a washer 55 slidably fitted upon the valve stem adjacent the ter- In Figs. 5v and '6, two of the series of valves on the motor vhave been'illustrated, these being-associated with adjacent engine cylinders, it being understood that each of u the cylinders is equipped with one of the valves,`as yin the forms previously described.

Pivo'ta-lly attached at one end as at 5G to Y"the section 4l is a link 57 having its opposite 'end pivotally attached as at 58 to a bodily movable bar 59. A second link G is likewise pivotally attached to the bar 59 at oneend as at 61, and at its oppositeend as at 62 to the upper end of the plug 50. Another bar, ycorresponc'ling to the bar 59, is

,Y indicated at 63, whichis likewise similarly operatively connected to the section 4l and the plug' 50, but at the opposite side of the valve body from the parts designated by the reference rnuimrals (3-62.

The operation of the lembodiment illus trated in Figs. `5 and 6 will be obvious from the previous description of the remaining two forms of the invention. YVhenever the vallve hea'dv46 is seated against the seat 45,

f. escape of from the motor is prevented, w'hillel when the valve head 46 is permitted to assume its lowered vposition in contact with the seat 44, it will function to permit the escape of a predetermined quantity of the compressed charge outwardly through th'e valve body and the lopenings 43, 43', inv accordance with lthe setting of the plug and the'te'nsi'on of the compressionspring 53.

rlhe position of the plug 50 of the several valves of the respective cylinders of the motor are ada'ptedto be moved in unison by bodily mov-ing'the bars 59 and 63, in an ob-y vious fashion. `When the bars a're moved so as to bring th'e links l5.7 and 60 to a positionin 'alignment withl the axis of the valve body, lthe head 4G will be forcibly pressed against its seat 45. The relative positions which the parts assume with this setting` are shown -in Fig. 5 of the drawings. Fig. 6 illustrates the same parts with 'the links 57 andl 6()4 moved to an angular position, and with the plugs 50 and the valve head 46 to their lowered positions.

It is noted that with kthe forms of the invention shown in both Figs. V3 and 4, and in Figs. 5 and '(3, that by properly proportion` j ing the dimensions of the several parts. 'es-6,.

cape of fluid from the interior of the cylinder may not only be positively 'prevented by means of the parts and the adjustments her-etofor'e described, but alternatively by moving th'e engine cylinders in' a similar manner to the forcible pressing of the valve part 26 to its seat 23 by liftin'g'gf-thev valve stem by contactl with the terminal abutment 29. Likewise', Contact of the sleeve 5l with the transverse lpin 49' can b'e utilized to forcibly press the head 46 upon the seat 44 for a similar purpose. v

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 7, the valve body comprises the sections 7 04 and 7l, the section 70' being threadedly engaged with the lower end of section 71. The upper end of section is provided with a valve seat 72 while `the passageway through the section 71 is equipped with the valve seat 7 3 spacedtherefrom. The valve head 74 ish provided wit'h faces at' the opposite sides thereof adapted to cooperate with the respective valve Vseats when the same is in its lowered and raised positions'. The head 74 is carried bya rod 5 projectingupwardly beyond the valve body, and extends tlirough a' recessed adjusting-nut 7 6, equipped with the laterally projecting'handle 77 the adjusting nut 7 G rb'ing threa'ded'ly engaged within the section r The valvel stem 75 is equipped with an intermediate abutment 77, and a terminal abutment 78 in the form of a lnut at the upper extremity thereof.v A coiled compression spring 79 is Vseated within the recess of the adjusting nu't 7 6, being confined between the intermediate -abutment 77 andthe bottom of' the recess.

in order to provide for escape ofthe fluid passing upwardly past the valve head toY the atmosphere, the section 71 is provided with escape openings such as indicated at 80.

By turning the adjusting nut 76 so as to withdraw it from the sectio'n'7 1,'it can be b'rought into abutting relation with the terminal abutment 7 8 to bring 'the valve head into locked relation with the valve sea't 73, as illustrated in the drawings. Yith the valve in this position escapel of fluid from the engine cylinders is positively precluded. However, when adjusting the nut 76'so as to project a greater distance within the section r7l, 'the valve head 74 may be lowered vso as to Y,permit it to cooperate with the valve seat `72, in' a manner similar to that described in connection with the remaining embodiments of -the invention. It is also obvious that` by properly proportioning the .length of the compression spring employed, the valve may be madeto function so as to be urged towaids 'the seat 72 merely-iniderv'the influence of gravity due to the weight of theV parts directly associated with the valve head and stem, or the spring may be placed under various degrees of -tension to resiliently force the valve head upon the seat 72, as desired, similar to thc adjustments set forth in connection with the previously described embodiments.

I claim: y l. A combined priming and compression release valve for internal combustion motors comprising` a tubular body, a valve seat interposed in the bore of said body, aeplug closing one end of said body, a stem passing through the said plug, a valve head at one extremity of said stem cooperating with said valve seat, an abutmentat the opposite extremity of the stem adapted to be contacted by the plug and moved in one direction, a spring seat intermediate the extremities of the stem,y and a Acompression spring interposed between the said spring seat and plug, said plug being bodily adjustable towardsand away from the said valve seat, a cup surrounding the said body, said body being provided with an opening through its wall establishing communication between the interior of the cup and the interior of the bore of the body at a point between the valve seat and plug.

2. A combined priming and compression release valve for internal combustion motors comprising a tubular body, a valve seat interposed in the bore of said body, a plug closing one end of said body, a stem passing through the said plug, av valveseat at one extremity of said stem cooperating with said valve seat, an abutment at the opposite extremity of the stem adapted to be contacted by the plug and moved in one direc-A tion, a spring cooperating with the said stem and adapted when under compression to urge the valve head away from its seat, said spring being so proportioned and disposed that the said plug when moved in one direction will contact theV spring to place it under tension, but when moved in the opposite direction will first move entirely out of contact with the spring to release the tension thereof and then contact the said abutment to forcibly bind the valve head to its seat.

B. A combinedpriming and compression release valve for internal combustion motors comprising a tubular body, a valve seat interposed in the bore of said body, a plug closing one end ofsaid body, a stem passing through the said plug, a valve seat at one extremity of Asaid stem. cooperating with said valve seat, an abutment at the opposite extren'iity of the stem adapted to be Contacted by the plug and moved in one direction, a spring cooperating with the said stein and adapted when under compression to urge the valve head away from' its seat, said spring being so proportioned and disposed that the said plug` when moved in one direction will contact thespring to place it under tension, but when moved in the opposite direction will first entirely release the tension thereof and then contact the said abutment for forcibly binding the valve head to its seat, a cupsurrounding the said body, said body being provided with openings through its wall establishing communication between the interior of the cup and the bore of the body yat a point between the valve seat and plug.

r. A combined priming and compression release valve for internal combustion motors comprising a tubular body, a pair of spaced valve seats interposed in the bore of the body, a valve head having ,faces adapted to cooperate with the respective valve seats, an adjustable plug in one end of the body, a supporting shoulder in the body between said valve seat and plug, a fioatino' spring seat adapted to rest upon said shoulder, a valve stem attached to the said head and extending through the spring seat and plug, a terminal abutment on the stem beyond the plug, a second abutment on thek stem intermediate the head and said terminal abutment adapted to cooperate with the spring seat, a compression spring Vinterposed between the spring seat and plug, the said second named abutment lying out of Contact with the spring seat when on-e of said valve faces is in abutting relation with its seat, said plug when moved in one direction and brought into Contact with said compression spring to increase its tension, and when moved in the oppositedirection adapted to entirelyv release the tension of the spring and positively force the remaining valve face to its seat. l e

In testimony whereof, I sign my name.

YVEL'LS IVI-IEEL'ER,

ons 

